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CHOOSE NATURE

CO-GENERATION

CO-GENERATION IN RICE MILLS

Cogeneration in rice mills is a system that uses rice husks to produce electricity and heat, and can improve energy efficiency and production capacity. Rice husks, a byproduct of the milling process, are used as fuel to create steam that drives a turbine to generate electricity. The remaining heat from the turbine exhaust is used for heating purposes, such as drying rice

  • Generate power from waste
  • Reduce your power costs
  • Enjoy uninterrupted power
  • Economic advantages
  • Increased production
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STEPS TO CO-GENERATION
  • Heat water to high temperatures and generate high pressure superheated steam using rice husk as fuel.
  • Use the superheated high pressure steam to rotate a turbine at high speeds
  • Turbine is coupled to an alternator which converts the high speed rotation to electricity.
  • Steam loses energy and becomes low pressure steam. this steam is suitable for parboiling and drying process.
  • Balance steam is condensed and used as boiler feed water.
  • Power produced is sufficient for the rice mill operations.
  • Rice milling generates husk as waste by-product which is used as heat source for the boiler.
REVERSE OSMOSIS WATER TREATMENT PLANT
  • Superheated steam boilers need pure water with minimum dissolved impurities.
  • Reverse osmosis process will ensure water purity and long life of boiler / turbine.
  • Rice mill effluent can be effectively managed using physical, chemical, and biological treatment technologies.
  • Pre-treatments and co-digestion enhance rice mill effluent anaerobic digestion for high biogas yields.
  • Biological methods can treat rice mill effluent and enable a circular economy.
  • Among the second-generation biofuel production sources, algal biomass from bioremediation is the best one.
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RICE HUSK IS THE FUEL
  • Rice husk is one of the by-products of rice milling. It is the outer covering layer of the grain which protects the rice kernel.
  • Rice milling generates a minimum of 22% husk.
  • Husk is rich in carbon and has a gross calorific value of 3200 kilo calories per kilogram.
  • Rice husk can be used to generate heat, electricity, and biofuel.
  • Rice husk can be a profitable renewable energy source if combusted properly.
  • Using rice husk as fuel can reduce CO2 emissions and the need for fossil fuels.
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FUEL HANDLING SYSTEM
  • Husk generated from the milling process is conveyed to the husk bunker.
  • From the husk bunker the husk is fed to the furnace of the boiler in carefully measured quantities.
  • Husk is rich in carbon and has a gross calorific value of 3200 kilo calories per kilogram.
  • Rice husk produces 15–20% ash when burned completely. This ash can cause agglomeration, fouling, and melting in combustors and boilers.
  • Rice husk's high silica content can wear down the components of processing machines.
  • Rice husk has a low energy density, which can be improved by producing it in pellet form.
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HUSK FIRED BOILER
  • Husk is fired to release thermal energy.
  • This energy is used to turn water into steam.
  • This steam is further heated to produce high pressure super heated steam.
  • This steam is sent through pipes to the steam turbine.
  • As the hot combustion gases pass over these tubes, they transfer heat to the water, causing it to heat up.
  • the energy from rice husk, husk-fired boilers offer a sustainable and economically viable solution for various industries, contributing to a greener future.
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STEAM TURBINE GENERATOR
  • Steam from boiler is sent through the multistage turbine making it rotate at high speeds. The speed is controlled by the speed governor.
  • An alternator coupled to the generator converts the rotary motion into elecricity.
  • The efficiency of a steam turbine generator depends on many factors, including the type of turbine, its size, and the steam's pressure and temperature.
  • Steam turbines are used in large power plants to generate electricity. They can also be used to drive machinery like pumps or compressors.
  • The use of coal, fossil fuels, or nuclear power to generate electricity from a steam turbine generator can have a negative impact on the environment.
  • These methods emit carbon dioxide and other pollutants into the air and water.
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MECHANICAL DUST COLLECTOR POLLUTION PREVENTION
  • After burning in the boiler the husk is converted into husk ash.
  • This ash has to be removed before thee hot flue gas is sent to the chimney.
  • The mechanical dust collector does this job and prevents pollution of the atmosphere.
  • They operate on the principles of centrifugal force, gravity settling, and inertia to separate solid particles from gas streams.
  • High-Efficiency Cyclones: Designed for higher efficiency, often used in conjunction with other control devices.
  • Significantly reduces the release of particulate matter into the atmosphere, improving air quality.
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LOW PRESSURE STEAM
  • The low pressure spent steam form the turbine outlet is used for the various parboiling and drying processes such as
  • Soaking
  • Cooking
  • DRYING
  • Superheated-steam drying can reduce chalkiness and improve the quality of rice compared to conventional parboiling.
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POWER UTILISATION
  • The power generated from the turbine generator can be used for :-
  • Rice milling process
  • Parboiling and drying process
  • Self load of the boiler house
  • Other utilities - both private and public
  • The amount of power generated from a turbine generator in a rice mill depends on the type of power generation system used, the amount of rice husk available, and the efficiency of the system
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CONDENSER
  • The spent steam which has already passed through the turbine and is not needed by the parboiling plant is condensed so that the purified water and the thermal energy can be recovered.
  • The condensate is relatively pure water, free from impurities that may have been present in the original water used for soaking and steaming.
  • By reusing the condensate, the plant can minimize its water consumption, especially in regions with limited water resources.
  • the condensation of steam in parboiling plants is a crucial step towards optimizing energy and water usage, reducing operational costs, and minimizing the environmental impact of the process.
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